judge

[dʒʌdʒ]
  • 释义
  • n.

    法官;裁判员;鉴定家;

  • v.

    担任裁判;判断;估计;评价;审判;

  • 词义辨析
  • judge, adjudge, adjudicate, arbitrate
  • 这组词都有“裁决”的意思。它们的区别是：
    judge指在审查了双方的证据,听取了证词和衡量了双方的功过之后裁定哪一方正确或有理,强调审判的“过程”; adjudge指在审判结束或在审判过程中法庭作出判决,强调审判“程序”; adjudicate指法庭以裁定、宣判或法令等形式作出正式和慎重决议,即强调审判“结果”; arbitrate指由一人或多人组成的机构对有争执的事件作出慎重决定,这种机构的设立不一定符合法律程序,但为争执双方认可。
  • judge, conclude, deduce, gather, infer
  • 这几个词共同的意思是“推断”。它们的区别在于:infer指从不太充分的论据或前提中推断出结论; conclude指通过推理或判断而得出结论; deduce指有充分根据地推论或逻辑上地演绎; gather指综合事物得出印象或感想等; judge通常指经过仔细鉴定或评价之后作出的决断。例如:
    From his a manner of dress and style of living,I gather that he is man of considerable means.从他的穿着式样和生活方式,我揣想他是个相当富有的人。
    She had concluded from that her grandmother did not like her.她已从那一点得出结论,断定她祖母不喜欢她。
    If you saw a doctor leaving a house, you might deduce the fact that someone in the house was ill.你要是看到医生从一家出来,你就可以推想那家有人生病。
    We see smoke and infer fire.我们看到烟,从而推断有火。
    Judging from what you said, they ought to succeed.从你说的情况看来,他们应当能成功。
  • 下面的句子意思相同,但语体不尽相同:前两句属于非正式语体,多用于比较随便的口语会话中; 后三句较为正式,多用于书面语体。试体会:
  • I judge that she is an excellent lawyer.
    She is an excellent lawyer,I judge.
    I judge her to be an excellent lawyer.
    I judge her an excellent lawyer.
    I judge her as an excellent lawyer.
    我认为她是一位好律师。
  • judge, arbiter, arbitrator, referee, umpire
  • 这组词都可指在观点发生冲突或分歧的情况下,有权或授权作出裁决的人。它们的区别是：
    judge的本义指主持法院工作并听取证词,对案件作出判决的法官。广义上讲, judge可指鉴定人。arbitrator和arbiter都可指从争议双方推举出来解决分歧的仲裁者或公断人,但arbitrator更为常见。arbitrator通常单独或与人合作来裁决(尤指劳工方面的)纠纷,而arbiter(书面语)常指没有权威或官职而靠自己的权威对非法律问题(如时装、文学等)作出决断或提出乐意遵从的准则的人。例如:
    Dress designers, not dress-makers, are the arbiters of women's fashions.由服装设计师而不是缝衣匠来判定女装的流行款式。
    referee和umpire都含有arbitrator(仲裁者、公断人)的含义。在此意义上, referee适用于在技术方面为处理特殊诉讼案件而由官方指定的仲裁人; 而umpire是指在重要或错综复杂的论点中,当双方公断人发生意见冲突或僵持不下时,出面进行最终裁决的人。此外,两词还常用于体育方面,指那些被指定实施比赛规则、排解纠纷的裁判员。此时的referee指篮球、台球、拳击、足球、曲棍球等比赛的裁判; 而umpire常指在网球、羽毛球、乒乓球、排球、游泳等比赛中充当裁判的人员。此外,乒乓球和网球的裁判有时也称judge。
  • infer，deduce，conclude，gather，judge
  • 这些动词都含“推断”之意。
    infer指从已提供的论据或从已接受的前提出发而推断出的结论。
    deduce指有充分根据的推论，也指逻辑学上的演绎。
    conclude指得出符合逻辑的结论。
    gather指从听到的情况推测、判定。
    judge多指经过仔细鉴定或评价之后作出决断。
  • sentence，condemn，judge，convict，doom
  • 这些动词都含有“判决、宣判”之意。
    sentence法律用词，指根据罪犯所犯罪行的轻重而宣判处罚。
    condemn指法院对审理结束的案件做出的定罪判刑。
    judge指对案件作出审理判决，但判决内容较笼统，不如sentence和condemn使用广泛。
    convict法律用词，指审判后判定有罪，但未作最后判决。
    doom书面用词，指郑重他宣判某人有罪。
  • 双语例句
  • 1、

    The judge dropped the flag when he reached the winning post.

    当他跑到终点时,裁判把旗一挥表示他已跑完全程.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 2、

    The public is [ are ] the best judge.

    公众是最好的裁判.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 3、

    It is hard to judge this case.

    这个案子很难断.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 4、

    A federal judge upheld the undercover Methods: Used in the case.

    一位联邦法官主张在此案中使用秘密的方法.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 5、

    The judge described the attack as an abominable crime.

    法官称那次袭击为令人发指的罪行。

    ——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
  • 6、

    The judge handed his decision down at noon.

    法官中午下了判决.

    《简明英汉词典》
  • 7、

    A good judge does not make arbitrary decisions.

    一个优秀的法官不会作武断的判决.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 8、

    Never judge a person by his appearance.

    人不可以貌相.

    ——《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • 9、

    The judge pronounced for the defendant, and also said that his opponent should pay the court costs.

    法官作出有利于被告的判决, 并要原告偿付法庭费用.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 10、

    The judge granted us a short adjournment.

    法官允许我们暂时休庭.

    《简明英汉词典》
  • 11、

    The judge praised the firefighters for their bravery and devotion to duty.

    法官赞扬消防人员的勇气和敬业精神.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 12、

    Mr. Tailor is a good judge of the fine arts.

    泰勒先生是美术鉴赏行家.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 13、

    The judge fined her 25 dollars for her mistake.

    法官因她的错误而对她处以25美元罚款.

    《简明英汉词典》
  • 14、

    He appeared nonchalant in court even when the judge ordered him to pay ￡1000.

    在法庭上,甚至当法官命令他赔偿一千镑时,他仍然表现得若无其事.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 15、

    The judge handed down a very heavy sentence on him.

    法官给他判了很重的刑.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 16、

    I judge him a skilled worker.

    我断定他是个熟练工人.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 17、

    The judge clapped the criminal in prison.

    法官把犯人投入狱中.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 18、

    I judge it by common sense.

    我靠常识判断.

    ——《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • 19、

    We judge that she is the best candidate.

    我们认为她是最佳人选.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 20、

    The judge arbitrated a disagreement between workers and management.

    仲裁人对工人和管理层之间的纠纷进行了仲裁.

    ——《简明英汉词典》
  • 21、

    You mustn't judge people by their exteriors.

    你不能以貌取人.

    《简明英汉词典》
  • 22、

    I will give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.

    我会给你所有的事实以便你可以自己判断.

    《简明英汉词典》
  • 23、

    We must know how to judge people.

    我们必须善于识别人.

    《简明英汉词典》
  • 24、

    We mustn't judge by appearances.

    我们不可以貌取人.

    《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • 25、

    She supplicated the judge for protection.

    她恳求法官保护.

    《简明英汉词典》
  • 26、

    He came back at the judge with some sharp questions.

    他提出了几个尖锐的问题来反驳法官.

    《简明英汉词典》
  • 27、

    Which judge will hear the case?

    哪位法官将审问这个案件?

    《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • 28、

    Don't judge a person by his success or failure.

    不能以成败论英雄.

    《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • 29、

    Don't judge a thing from the outside.

    别从外表看事物.

    《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • 30、

    Don't judge a man from his outside.

    不要以貌取人.

    《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • 相关短语
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